Morphological description of garlic cultivation: IDA-developpement

 

Author: Ing . Agr. BRENORD Frandy 

Publication date: October 30, 2020 

Morphological description of garlic cultivation

Garlic is a bulbous, annual plant that reproduces vegetatively only from lateral buds commonly called cloves. In the vegetative state, garlic, like all Alliums, has a stem reduced to a conical "plateau" which produces at its base the roots and at its apical part a succession of linear and alternate leaves whose cylindrical sheaths s' fit into each other, thus forming a pseudo-rod or "barrel" ( see Figure 4 ). The free part of the blade is banded, folded in a gutter, of a glaucous green or gray. The leaves become scarious at their base during the tuberization of the buds and constitute the tunics of the bulb ( Medine & Yessaad , 2017 ; Maurice, 2015 ).

The roots: These are adventitious roots that originate under the bulb, at the level of the plateau corresponding to the underground stem (Colin, 2016).

The stem: It measures on average 40 cm high, but it can greatly exceed this height (up to 150 cm). It comes out of the upper part of the bulb. It is in fact a false stem which is formed by the interlocking of the leaf sheaths of the leaves which start from the plateau of the bulb ( Ibid. ) . 

The leaves: They are alternate and glabrous. There are between 2 and 10 leaves . They are reduced to the petiole which is broadened in a sheath at its base in a tubular fashion, they are said to be sheathing at the base. The limbus is line

ar. The rustling of the leaves gives off a typical characteristic odor ( Ibid. ) . 

The inflorescence : Vegetative multiplication allows bulbils to appear at the end of the stems either in place of the flowers, or when the flower wilts. These are small aerial cloves enclosed first in a capsule. These bulbils are able to give back garlic heads when they take root in the soil, and thus participate in the survival of the species. The umbel can be made up of both flowers and bulbils, or only bulbils. The number of these bulbils and their color depends on the variety of garlic. (Allen, 2009) 

The flowers : They are regular flowers, and hermaphroditic, the male and female elements are therefore present on the same flower. They are few in number, or even most often absent. The flowers are white to pink in color ( Botineau , 2010) 

The fruit : The fruit in Garlic is a loculicidal capsule with 3 compartments. However, it is produced only very rarely for the benefit of bulbils, in fact the species favors vegetative multiplication to sexual reproduction to ensure its survival. 

 

References

1.                    COLIN Lucie, 2016, garlic and its interest in phytotherapy, thesis, Université De Lorraine, 141 P

2.                    MEDINE Chahrazed   and YESSAAD Hayat, 2017, Varietal trial of three varieties of garlic Allium sativum (red from Spain, red from Iran and one Chinese variety) conducted intensively (drip and fertilization), thesis, Abdelhamind University Ibn, Algeria , 85 p

3.                    Allen J., 2009, The cultivation of garlic - Fact sheet [Internet]. Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs - Ontario. Available at: http://www.omafra.gov.on.ca/french/crops/facts/09-012w.htm#5

Contact : Ing . Agr. BRENORD Frandy , 

Phone. +50932197649

Email: frandybrenord@gmail.com

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